植物源性外泌体样纳米颗粒: 生物学功能与治疗前景

doi:10.5246/jcps.2026.06.036

中国药学(英文版) ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 509-524.DOI: 10.5246/jcps.2026.06.036

• 【研究论文】 • 下一篇

植物源性外泌体样纳米颗粒: 生物学功能与治疗前景

谭洪华¹^,^#, 李双²^,^#, 崔梦莎³^,⁴^,^#, 韩冰⁵, 刘家萌³^,⁴, 于聆汐³^,⁴, 郝军荣³^,⁴, 郭春燕³^,⁴^,^*()

^1. 河北北方学院教务处，河北张家口 075000
^2. 张家口健垣精准医学有限公司，河北张家口 075000
^3. 河北省神经药理学重点实验室，河北张家口 075000
^4. 河北北方学院药学院，河北张家口 075000
^5. 河北北方学院理学院，河北张家口 075000

收稿日期:2026-03-14 修回日期:2026-04-20 接受日期:2026-05-08 出版日期:2026-07-05 发布日期:2026-07-05
通讯作者: 郭春燕

Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles: from biogenesis to therapeutic applications

Honghua Tan¹^,^#, Shuang Li²^,^#, Mengsha Cui³^,⁴^,^#, Bing Han⁵, Jiameng Liu³^,⁴, Lingxi Yu³^,⁴, Junrong Hao³^,⁴, Chunyan Guo³^,⁴^,^*()

^1. Office of Academic Affairs, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei, China
^2. Jianyuan Precision Medicines (Zhangjiakou) Co., Ltd., Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei, China
^3. Hebei Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei, China
^4. Department of Pharmacy, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei, China
^5. College of Science, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei, China

Received:2026-03-14 Revised:2026-04-20 Accepted:2026-05-08 Online:2026-07-05 Published:2026-07-05
Contact: Chunyan Guo
About author:
^# These authors contributed equally to this work.
Supported by:
Hebei Province Higher Education Teaching Reform Research and Practice Project (Grant No. 2025GJJG333)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物源性外泌体样纳米颗粒(PELNs)作为植物来源的细胞外囊泡亚型，富含小RNA、脂质及活性代谢物，兼具“载体-治疗一体化”双重属性，是生物医学研究热点。本文系统综述其进展：其生物发生依赖ESCRT及自噬等途径，具有50–200 nm的脂质双分子层结构；组合技术是高纯度分离优选，多技术联用可验证其身份与纯度；在抗炎、抗癌、神经再生等领域潜力显著。PELNs兼具高生物安全性、口服耐受性、生产成本低、无伦理争议及工程化潜力大等独特优势。然而，标准化分离与质控体系的缺乏制约其临床转化。未来需跨学科合作建立统一标准，深入解析其体内机制与安全性，推动其在精准医疗等领域的创新应用，为开发安全可持续的治疗策略提供天然解决方案。

关键词: 植物源性外泌体样纳米颗粒, 生物学功能, 分离与表征, 治疗

Abstract:

Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PELNs), a specialized subclass of extracellular vesicles originating from plants, are enriched in small RNAs, diverse lipid species, and bioactive metabolites, and uniquely integrate both therapeutic cargo and delivery functions within a single platform. These characteristics have made PELNs an emerging frontier of biomedical investigation. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of current advances in the field. The biogenesis of PELNs is orchestrated through cellular pathways involving ESCRT complexes, autophagic machinery, and related vesicle trafficking systems, and their morphology typically features a lipid bilayer with diameters ranging from 50 to 200 nm. High-purity isolation requires multistep or combined methodological strategies, and the concurrent application of multiple analytical technologies enables accurate identity verification and purity assessment. Functionally, PELNs exhibit notable capabilities in anti-inflammatory intervention, tumor suppression, and neural tissue repair. PELNs offer several inherent advantages, including excellent biosafety, strong oral tolerance, scalable and low-cost production, absence of ethical concerns, and considerable potential for molecular engineering. Nevertheless, the lack of standardized isolation workflows, rigorous characterization pipelines, and quality control frameworks continues to impede their clinical translation. Future progress will require close interdisciplinary collaboration to establish unified technical standards, decode their in vivo fate, mechanisms of action, and safety profiles, and accelerate their innovative use in precision medicine and related therapeutic domains. Such advances may position PELNs as natural, sustainable, and clinically translatable solutions for designing safer and more effective treatment strategies.

Key words: Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles, Biological functions, Separation and characterization, Treatment

Supporting:

谭洪华, 李双, 崔梦莎, 韩冰, 刘家萌, 于聆汐, 郝军荣, 郭春燕. 植物源性外泌体样纳米颗粒: 生物学功能与治疗前景[J]. 中国药学(英文版), 2026, 35(6): 509-524.

Honghua Tan, Shuang Li, Mengsha Cui, Bing Han, Jiameng Liu, Lingxi Yu, Junrong Hao, Chunyan Guo. Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles: from biogenesis to therapeutic applications[J]. Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2026, 35(6): 509-524.

图/表 1

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植物源性外泌体样纳米颗粒: 生物学功能与治疗前景

Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles: from biogenesis to therapeutic applications

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