响应面法优化党参多糖提取工艺及不同产地党参多糖比较

doi:10.5246/jcps.2026.07.043

中国药学(英文版) ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (7): 601-614.DOI: 10.5246/jcps.2026.07.043

• 【研究论文】 • 下一篇

响应面法优化党参多糖提取工艺及不同产地党参多糖比较

韩蓉¹^,³, 赵爱红¹^,^*(), 王志锋², 王明¹, 张友波³^,^*()

^1. 兰州理工大学生命科学与工程学院，甘肃兰州 730050
^2. 甘肃农垦药物碱厂有限公司，甘肃兰州 730300
^3. 北京大学药学院天然药物及仿生药物全国重点实验室，北京 100191

收稿日期:2026-03-20 修回日期:2026-04-23 接受日期:2026-05-14 出版日期:2026-08-06 发布日期:2026-08-06
通讯作者: 赵爱红, 张友波

Optimization of Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide extraction process using response surface methodology and comparison of Codonopsis polysaccharides from different regions

Rong Han¹^,³, Aihong Zhao¹^,^*(), Zhifeng Wang², Ming Wang¹, Youbo Zhang³^,^*()

^1. School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China
^2. Gansu Farming Reclamation Pharmaceutical Base Co., Ltd., Lanzhou 730300, Gansu, China
^3. State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China

Received:2026-03-20 Revised:2026-04-23 Accepted:2026-05-14 Online:2026-08-06 Published:2026-08-06
Contact: Aihong Zhao, Youbo Zhang
Supported by:
National Key Research & Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2022YFC3501702 and 2022YFC3501705).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究通过优化党参多糖提取工艺, 提高了多糖得率, 并对比了甘肃岷县、湖北恩施、西藏林芝、山西平顺和贵州毕节五个产地的党参提取出的多糖的质量。以党参为原料分别进行提取温度、料液比、提取时间单因素对党参多糖提取率影响, 通过响应面试验设计优化提取条件。通过对比不同产地党参的多糖提取率、糖含量、蛋白质含量、单糖组成、分子量, 并结合红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电镜(SEM)分析, 对党参质量进行综合评价。结果发现, 党参多糖提取率影响因素排序为提取温度>料液比>提取时间; 最佳条件为提取温度73.75 °C、料液比1:15.62 (g/mL)、提取时间1.60 h, 此条件下党参多糖提取率为21.95%。产地对比结果显示, 山西平顺产党参的多糖质量在五个产地中表现最优。综上所述, 提取温度是影响党参多糖提取率的关键因素, 且山西平顺产党参的综合品质在五个考察产地中最佳。

关键词: 党参, 多糖, 响应面法

Abstract:

In the present study, the extraction process of Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharides (CPs) was optimized to enhance both yield and quality. CPs from five distinct geographical origins, Minxian (Gansu), Enshi (Hubei), Nyingchi (Tibet), Pingshun (Shanxi), and Bijie (Guizhou), were systematically compared. The effects of extraction temperature, solid-to-liquid ratio, and extraction time on CP yield were initially investigated through single-factor experiments. Subsequently, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to determine the optimal extraction conditions. CP quality was comprehensively assessed based on yield, sugar and protein contents, monosaccharide composition, molecular weight, FT-IR spectra, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The relative influence of the factors followed the order: extraction temperature > solid-to-liquid ratio > extraction time. The optimal conditions were determined to be 73.75 °C, a 1:15.62 (g/mL) solid-to-liquid ratio, and 1.60 h extraction time, resulting in a maximum yield of 21.95%. Among the five origins, CPs from Pingshun exhibited the highest overall quality. Extraction temperature emerged as the most critical factor, highlighting Shanxi Pingshun CPs as particularly superior in quality.

Key words: Codonopsis pilosula, Polysaccharides, Response surface methodology

Supporting:

韩蓉, 赵爱红, 王志锋, 王明, 张友波. 响应面法优化党参多糖提取工艺及不同产地党参多糖比较[J]. 中国药学(英文版), 2026, 35(7): 601-614.

Rong Han, Aihong Zhao, Zhifeng Wang, Ming Wang, Youbo Zhang. Optimization of Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide extraction process using response surface methodology and comparison of Codonopsis polysaccharides from different regions[J]. Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2026, 35(7): 601-614.

图/表 10

Table 1. Standard substance information.

Figure 1. Factors influencing the extraction yield of CPs. (a) Effect of extraction temperature on yield; (b) Effect of solid-to-liquid ratio on yield; (c) Effect of extraction time on yield.

Table 2. Factors and levels for RSM (3×3 design).

Table 3. Response surface optimization design and experimental results.

Table 4. ANOVA for the response surface quadratic model.

Figure 2. Interactive effects of process parameters on CP extraction yield. (a) Response surface plot: Temperature × Solid-to-liquid ratio effect on yield; (b) Response surface plot: Temperature × Extraction time effect on yield; (c) Response surface plot: Extraction time × Solid-to-liquid ratio effect on yield; (d) Contour plot: Temperature × Solid-to-liquid ratio interaction; (e) Contour plot: Temperature × Extraction time interaction; (f) Contour plot: Extraction time × Solid-to-liquid ratio interaction.

Table 5. Extraction yield, sugar content, and protein levels of CPs from different regions.

Table 6. Percentage composition of monosaccharides.

Table 7. Molecular weight distribution of CPs from different regions.

Figure 3. CP spectrogram. (a) FT-IR spectra of CPs from different regions; (b) Scanning electron micrographs of CPs from different regions (20 000× magnification).

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响应面法优化党参多糖提取工艺及不同产地党参多糖比较

Optimization of Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide extraction process using response surface methodology and comparison of Codonopsis polysaccharides from different regions

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