新型钆纳米载体在肝靶向分子磁共振显影对比剂中的应用

doi:10.5246/jcps.2011.02.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

肝细胞癌准确的早期诊断对于肝细胞癌(HCC)的治疗至关重要。使用钆(Gd)螯合物作为对比剂的动态磁共振显影(MRI)能有效的诊断局部的肝损伤。但是, 在早期诊断中区分良性和恶性的肝细胞癌使用目前的对比剂缺乏理想的灵敏度和特异性。新型的分子对比剂具备肝脏靶向、增强显影时间、增加显影对比的特点, 而靶向的纳米技术能更够增加肝损伤部位检测的特异性, 这些给肝细胞癌的早期诊断带来了巨大的可能性。为了能够达到精确的诊断, 新型的装载钆螯合物的纳米载体(如: 固体脂质纳米粒的、纳米复合物和聚合物纳米粒等)被用做生物相容性的分子磁共振对比剂。在这篇综述中, 我们将讨论用于磁共振对比剂的新型纳米粒制剂特别是肝靶向纳米制剂的制备、性质鉴定和其用做诊断剂的优势和劣势。

关键词: 肝细胞癌(HCC), 分子显影, 对比剂, 钆(Gd), 磁共振显影(MRI)

Abstract:

Accurate diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the early stage is vital for its treatment. Contrast-enhanced dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed in the presence of extracellular contrast agents such as gadolinium chelates is considered as a useful approach for detecting and characterizing focal liver lesions. However, the sensitivity and specificity of conventional MRI contrast agents are far from satisfaction for the detection and characterization of benign and malignant focal liver lesions in the early stage. The novel molecular contrast agents special for liver with relatively longer metabolic time and stable contrast effect in liver tissue are highly desired. The development of nanotechnology provides an unprecedented opportunity for the diagnostic detection rate of HCC and cell-surface receptor-targeted nanotechnology improves the specificity of the detection of focal liver lesions. In order to maximize lesion detection and characterization, novel gadolinium chelates loaded nanovectors including the solid lipid nanoparticles, nanocomplexes and polymeric nanoparticles have been used as biocompatible molecular MRI contrast agent. In this review, the characterization and the advantages/disadvantages of these Gd-loaded novel nanovectors used as molecular MRI contrast agents were discussed. Furthermore, liver target nanovectors aimed at improving the diagnostic accuracy of liver MRI by targeting additional features of focal liver lesions were highlighted.

Key words: Hepatocellular carcinoma, Molecular imaging, Contrast agent, Gadolinium, MRI

中图分类号:

R944.9

Supporting:

Foundation items: New Century Excellent Talents in University (Grant No. NCET-08-0334) and Independent Innovation Foundation of Shandong University (IIFSDU, Grant No. 2010JC019).

^*Corresponding author. Tel.: 86-531-88382015; fax: 86-531-88382548

刘永军, 陈智金, 张娜^*. 新型钆纳米载体在肝靶向分子磁共振显影对比剂中的应用[J]. , DOI: 10.5246/jcps.2011.02.013.

Yong-Jun Liu, Zhi-Jin Chen, Na Zhang^* . Novel nanovectors as liver targeting MRI contrast agents [J]. , DOI: 10.5246/jcps.2011.02.013.

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