纳米药物在肿瘤治疗中的现状和挑战

doi:10.5246/jcps.2021.05.029

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

纳米药物在受控给药系统, 特别是肿瘤靶向方面具有很多的优点, 如生物相容性、血液循环稳定性和减少副作用等, 使得纳米药物领域在过去几十年取得了巨大的进展。尽管每年都有大量的相关论文发表, 但用于临床治疗的纳米药物却很少。本文旨在探讨纳米药物给药和肿瘤靶向的障碍。纳米药物的合理设计不仅要考虑肿瘤的异质性、体内代谢和理化性质, 而且要更有效地创新颗粒制剂以供临床应用。

关键词: 纳米药物, 肿瘤异质性, 纳米递送, 高通透性和滞留效应

Abstract:

The field of nanomedicine in controlled drug delivery systems, especially for tumor targeting, has tremendously progressed over the past decades because of its plentiful benefits, such as biocompatibility, stability in blood circulation, and ability to reduce side effects. Although a large number of relevant papers are published every year, few nanodrugs are available for clinical treatment. The present review aimed to explore the barriers in nanomedicine delivery and tumor targeting. Rational design of nanomedicine should consider not only tumor heterogeneity, in vivo metabolism, and physicochemical properties, but also more efficient innovations in particulate formulations for clinical application.

Key words: Nanomedicine, Tumor heterogeneity, Nano-delivery, Enhanced permeability and retention effects

Supporting:

王惊雷, 宋柯, 潘昊, 刘洋, 王大壮, 陈立江. 纳米药物在肿瘤治疗中的现状和挑战[J]. 中国药学(英文版), 2021, 30(5): 359-380.

Jinglei Wang, Ke Song, Hao Pan, Yang Liu, Dazhuang Wang, Lijian Chen. Nanomedicine for tumor therapy-current status and challenges[J]. Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2021, 30(5): 359-380.

图/表 4

Figure 1. Main molecular biology of several tumor cells. (A) Breast tumor cells[35,36]; (B) Lung tumor cells[37,38]; (C) Gastric tumor cells[39,40]; (D) Liver tumor cells[41]; (E) Esophageal tumor cells[42]; (F) Renal tumor cells[43].

Figure 2. Tumor microenvironment diagram.

Figure 3. Main challenges of nanomedicines delivery into the human body.

Figure 4. (A) Examples of nanoparticles with different shapes; (B) Influence of ligand modified nanoparticles with different shapes on endothelial targeting and adherence; (C) The behavior of three nanoparticles with different shapes entering the endothelial gap. Adapted from[101].

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