具有基因调控功能的光活性核酸

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了能有效地操纵特定基因的功能, 科学工作者用光作为触发剂来调节特定基因表达并取得了一些成果。光作为一种干净的外在开关而逐渐地成为一种有前景的研究手段。通过在活性分子上引入光活性的基团, 活性分子的活性被暂时性的保护起来, 直到光照才可以切除光活性的保护剂或者诱导其构型的变化来恢复分子的活性。由于用光可以在时间和空间上精确控制活性分子的活性, 因此光调控技术越来越广泛地用于生物领域。而在核酸中引入光转换或光切割基团可实现可逆地或不可逆地调控核酸的活性和功能。本文综述了近几年来光切割和光转换的核酸及其在基因调控方面的重要成果和意义, 以及潜在的应用前景。

关键词: 光活性的, 光活性保护基团, 光转换, 基因调节, 核苷酸

Abstract:

For the main purpose of manipulating the functions of molecules, researchers have made great achievements on photoresponsive molecules using light as a trigger. Light has become a promising scientific tool due to it being a clean and non-invasive external stimulant. By attachment of photoresponsive moieties to molecules, the biological activities of molecules can be attenuated by light activation. With wide applications of laser in life sciences, it will be possible to achieve high spatiotemporal resolution. In this review, we focus on photoresponsive nucleic acids for photomodulating gene expression with light activation. With incorporation of photoswitchable or photocleavable moieties, biological behaviors of nucleic acids are photoregulated reversibly or irreversibly. Recent development and applications of photoresponsive nucleic acid in vitro and in vivo have shown a very promising future for manipulation of specific functional genes or disease genes. We expect that photoresponsive nucleic acids will be powerful scientific tools for studying biological events as well as gene therapy agents for genetic diseases.

Key words: Photoresponsive, Caging group, Photoswitchable, Gene regulation, Oligonucleotide

中图分类号:

R9-39

Supporting: Foundation item: State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs and Peking University (bmu2009137-121).
^*Corresponding author. Tel./fax: 86-10-82805635

苏蒙, 杨帆, 吕聪, 余丽丽, 顾笑岩, 王颉, 李仲瑾, 汤新景^*. 具有基因调控功能的光活性核酸[J]. .

Meng Su, Fan Yang, Cong Lv, Li-Li Yu, Xiao-Yan Gu, Jie Wang, Zhong-Jin Li, Xin-Jing Tang^*. Photoresponsive nucleic acids for gene regulation[J]. .

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