快速起效抗抑郁药物的鼻腔给药: 一种治疗重度抑郁症的新趋势

doi:10.5246/jcps.2020.08.049

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

现有抗抑郁药物的起效时间较长, 最新发现的相关受体与通路可以启发我们去寻找更多的快速起效抗抑郁药物, 氯胺酮是其中最具潜力的药物之一。现已证明, 通过鼻腔摄入途径, 药物可以利用嗅觉神经通路直接被递送至脑部。设计良好的快速起效抗抑郁药物是抑郁症患者的迫切需求。作为一种具有潜力的递药策略, 鼻腔给药可以提高药效, 大幅缩短起效时间。本篇综述中, 我们整理了一些利用不同机制和通路治疗抑郁症的新处方以及相关临床研究结果。快速起效抗抑郁药物与鼻腔给药相结合将引领抑郁症的治疗新趋势。

关键词: 重度抑郁症, NMDA受体, 嗅神经通路, 抗抑郁药物, 鼻腔给药

Abstract:

Existing antidepressants seem to have an onset time of several weeks. However, newly found depression-related receptors and pathways may enlighten us to find more rapid-onset antidepressants, in which ketamine is one of the most potential antidepressants. By intranasal administration, drugs can be directly delivered to the brain via olfactory nerve route, which is proved to be suitable for some antidepressants. Well-designed rapid-onset antidepressants are the urgent requirements of the patients with depression. Intranasal administration, as a potential strategy to deliver antidepressants to brain, can improve drug efficacy and largely shorten the onset time. In this article, we sorted out some new formulation approaches in treating depression with different mechanisms and pathways compared with traditional treating strategies, along with new findings in clinical studies, proving that the combination of rapid-onset antidepressants with intranasal delivery will lead a new trend in treating depression.

Key words: Major depressive disorder, NMDA receptor, Olfactory nerve route, Antidepressants, Intranasal

中图分类号:

Supporting:

谢语琦, 窦与舜, 汤玥. 快速起效抗抑郁药物的鼻腔给药: 一种治疗重度抑郁症的新趋势[J]. 中国药学(英文版), 2020, 29(8): 515-527.

Yuqi Xie, Yushun Dou, Yue Tang. Intranasal delivery of rapid-onset antidepressants: a new trend of treating major depressive disorder[J]. Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2020, 29(8): 515-527.

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