关键词: 抗癫痫药物过敏综合症, 卡马西平, 苯巴比妥, 抗癫痫药物

Abstract:

Hypersensitivity syndrome reaction of antiepileptic drug (AED) can induce serious cutaneous, hematological and hepaticevents. In severe cases, fulminant hepatic failure may necessitate liver transplantation, and most patients die due to the liver failure. Severe adverse cutaneous reactions, including Steven-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) and hypersensitivity syndrome, are rare but life-threatening. Its morality rate is as high as 5%–50%. Accurate early diagnosis and timely treatment may contribute to decreased morality rate. In this paper, we reported cases of hypersensitive syndrome reaction to carbamazepine (CBZ) or phenobarbital (PB) in two patients with epilepsy. Clarification of the therapeutic process and the early manifestation of epilepsy may be helpful to improve the epilepsy therapy while avoiding the potential severe adverse cutaneous reactions of AED. The two reported cases highlighted that the therapeutic process of CBZ and PB might lead to the fatal allergic reaction, which was mainly caused by the absence of epoxide-hydroxylase and the defect of hepatocytes.

Key words: Antiepileptic drug hypersensitive syndrome, Carbamazepine, Phenobarbital, Antiepileptic drug