A continued study on the bisoprolol and isosorbide dinitrate transdermal patches: cardiovascular protection in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Abstract

Abstract:

The objective of the present study is to examine cardiovascular protective action of a newly developed transdermal patch by incorporating bisoprolol and isosorbide dinitrate in spontaneously hypertensive rats. As the combination therapy with these two synergistic drugs at low doses through a suitable form of administration could provide optimal therapeutic benefit, we further evaluated the effects of a 42 d period of anti-hypertensive treatment in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Rats were divided into the following five groups: control (blank patch), bisoprolol fumarate tablets (BP-FT, 20.0 mg/kg, i.g.), bisoprolol transdermal patch (BP-TP, 20.0 mg/kg), isosorbide dinitrate transdermal patch (ISDN-TP, 20.0 mg/kg), and the combination of BP and ISDN in a transdermal patch at low doses (8 and 12 mg/kg, respectively). The effects of treatment were evaluated via biochemical indicators related to cardiovascular protection, structure and function. The combination therapy had synergistic anti-hypertensive effects and significantly reduced blood pressure with the benefit of controlling blood pressure variability compared to BP-FT and BP-TP. The combined treatment also reduced heart rate as well as BP-FT and BP-TP, while ISDN-TP had no evident effects on blood pressure, heart rate, and cardiovascular protection. Combination therapy was superior to BP-TP and BP-FT at increasing blood atrial natriuretic peptide and nitric oxide, while also reducing cardiac hydroxyproline and endothelin-1 with no difference in blood endothelin-1 and cardiac malondialdehyde levels. Cardiovascular remodeling differed among the groups, with the combination therapy reducing cardiac hypertrophy and the aortic media/lumen ratio. The consequential improvements in relaxation in response to cumulative concentrations of acetylcholine may explain the associated improvement in endothelial function. Combination treatment with a transdermal patch exhibited a synergistic therapeutic effect. Such favorable cardiovascular effects with nitric oxide donors and β-blockade combination through a transdermal patch may provide long-term cardiovascular protection during anti-hypertensive treatment.

Key words: Transdermal patch, Transdermal patch, Hypertension, Hypertension, Isosorbide dinitrate, Isosorbide dinitrate, Bisoprolol, Bisoprolol, Cardiovascular protection, Cardiovascular protection

Supporting:

Wei Wei, Ji-Hua Fu^*, Chang-Hai Su , Ying Shan, Yuan Wang, Shu-Jia Kong, Ji-Hui Zhao, Wan-Liang Lu^*^*, Shu-Ming Wang, Li Wang. A continued study on the bisoprolol and isosorbide dinitrate transdermal patches: cardiovascular protection in spontaneously hypertensive rats
[J]. .

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