Natural plant-derived 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde ameliorates reproductive damage of male mice

doi:10.5246/jcps.2022.06.037

Abstract

Abstract:

In the present study, we studied the effects of 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, on mouse sperm survival and sperm membrane integrity in vitro and on mouse reproductive damage induced by cyclophosphamide in vivo. 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde (0.01, 0.1, and 1 mg/mL) improved sperm survival rate and sperm membrane integrity in separated mouse sperm (all P < 0.05). In cyclophosphamide-treated male mice (60 mg/kg/d through intraperitoneal injection for 5 d), 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (40 mg/kg/d through intragastric gavage for 35 d) increased the testis index, epididymis index, and sperm nuclear maturity (all P < 0.05). 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde also improved testis morphology characterized by orderly arranged layers of spermatogenic cells, numbers of sperm in the lumen, normal mesenchymal cells, and close and tidy arrangement of the seminiferous tubules. 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde also increased testicular superoxide dismutase activity and elevated DJ-1 expression. In addition, it decreased the expression of ICAM-1 and enhanced the expressions of VCAM-1, PEDF, VEGF, and PPARγ. These findings indicated that 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde increased mouse sperm survival and sperm membrane integrity in vitro and reduced mouse reproductive damage induced by cyclophosphamide via DJ-1 and other targets in vivo. 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde might thus be useful for treating male reproductive damage and antineoplastic cyclophosphamide-induced reproductive toxicity.

Key words: Natural plants, 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde, Reproductive damage

Supporting:

Hongning Zhang, Shuying Han, Xiaoping Pu, Chunna An. Natural plant-derived 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde ameliorates reproductive damage of male mice[J]. Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2022, 31(6): 429-440.

Figures/Tables 9

Table 1. PAL (0.01, 0.1, and 1 mg/mL) significantly improves mouse sperm survival rate and sperm membrane integrity in vitro.

Table 2. PAL (40 mg/kg) increases testis index, epididymis index, sperm nuclear maturity, and testicular SOD activity in CYP-treated male mice.

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