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Table of Content

    31 July 2025, Volume 34 Issue 7
    Original articles
    Development of an oral organic-inorganic hybrid nanocomposite for prolonged sustained release of nifedipine
    Jia Yan, Yanqin Liang, Cuishuan Wu, Qiang Zhang
    2025, 34(7):  605-621.  DOI: 10.5246/jcps.2025.07.045
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    Nifedipine (NF), a widely prescribed antihypertensive agent, necessitates long-term administration to maintain therapeutic efficacy. Although osmotic pump formulations, such as Bayer’s Adalat®, are well-established for achieving zero-order drug release, their complex manufacturing requirements significantly elevate production costs. In this study, we employed mesoporous silica as a drug carrier for nifedipine and incorporated it with an organic polymer matrix to construct an organic-inorganic hybrid nanocomposite (OIN). This nanostructured system demonstrated robust sustained-release properties in both in vitro and in vivo evaluations, with the in vitro release profile exhibiting classical first-order kinetics. To further optimize the release behavior, we combined OIN with conventional tablet-forming techniques to create an oral nanocomposite system (ONS) capable of achieving near-zero-order release. Remarkably, the cumulative release profiles of ONS closely mirrored those of the commercially available Adalat® osmotic formulation across multiple time points. Moreover, we conducted a theoretical analysis of the release mechanisms underlying both OIN and ONS systems, offering novel mechanistic insights that could inform the future design of advanced sustained-release drug delivery platforms.

    Screening of key genes and immune infiltration analysis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-related ferroptosis
    Min Nie, Bayi Liu, Bing Lin, Huamin Wang, Huaqiong Chen, Ying Huang
    2025, 34(7):  622-632.  DOI: 10.5246/jcps.2025.07.046
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    This study investigated key genes linked to ferroptosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and examined their immune infiltration profiles, establishing a theoretical foundation for COPD diagnosis and treatment. Employing bioinformatics methodologies, ferroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (FeDEGs) in COPD were identified using data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. These FeDEGs underwent comprehensive Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses, alongside machine learning algorithms, to pinpoint characteristic genes. The CIBERSORT algorithm further evaluated the association between core FeDEGs and immune cell infiltration patterns. In total, 175 FeDEGs were identified. GO enrichment analysis highlighted their roles in biological processes such as cellular responses to chemical and oxidative stress, while KEGG pathways indicated significant associations with ferroptosis and necroptosis signaling. Machine learning and diagnostic validation pinpointed DUOX2, CDO1, POM121L12, IFNA17, MICU1, NQO1, NFS1, and PARP4 as core genes, revealing their strong correlation with diverse immune cell types involved in COPD pathogenesis. This study elucidated critical genes connected to ferroptosis and immune infiltration in COPD, providing fresh insights into its pathogenesis and diagnostic approaches, while establishing a theoretical basis for therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways and genes.

    Pharmacokinetic study of 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-7-[2-(piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy]-4H-chromen-4-one, a derivative of soybean isoflavone by LC-MS/MS in normal rats
    Junrong Hao, Mengqiang Lian, Shuang Li, Hongyan Yin, Chunyan Guo
    2025, 34(7):  633-643.  DOI: 10.5246/jcps.2025.07.047
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    3-(4-Chlorophenyl)-7-[2-(piperazin-1-yl)ethoxy]-4H-chromen-4-one (CPEO-43) is a derivative of soybean isoflavone (SI), synthesized by introducing a chlorine atom and a piperazine group into the structure of natural SI. In vitro experiments have demonstrated that CPEO-43 exhibits a notable inhibitory effect on both A549 cells and HCT116 cells. For the further development and utilization of CPEO-43, this study aims to establish and validate a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) quantitative analysis method for the pharmacokinetic study of CPEO-43. Normal rats were intragastrically administered different doses (2, 6, and 20 mg/kg) of CPEO-43, and blood was taken from the ocular venous plexus at different time points. The blood concentration of CPEO-43 at different time points was determined using LC-MS/MS technology, and the pharmacokinetic parameters of the compound were calculated using the pharmacokinetic software DAS. The results indicated that the established LC-MS/MS method complies with the standards for bioanalytical method validation in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (CHP) and can be applied to the pharmacokinetic study of CPEO-43. The pharmacokinetic software DAS non-compartmental model was successfully used to calculate the Cmax, Tmax, t1/2, AUC0–∞, MRTs, CL, and Vd pharmacokinetic parameters of the compound at different doses. The results were as follows: 62.0 ± 10.5, 222.0 ± 28.7, and 1384.5 ± 376.4 ng/mL; 8.5 ± 1.2, 6.0 ± 0.0, and 11.0 ± 6.2 h; 15.6, 15.0, and 18.5 h; 1517.8 ± 317.0, 5328.7 ± 864.4, and 45556.3 ± 22735.6 ng·h/mL; 17.8 ± 1.2, 17.7 ± 0.8, and 20.0 ± 3.2 h; 1370.3 ± 305.9, 1153.5 ± 205.6, and 505.3 ± 179.8 mL/kg/h; 30843.0 ± 7458.0, 24344.0 ± 5237.0, and 13950.3 ± 5996.9 mL/kg. These characteristics are of great significance for understanding the in vivo process of the drug, formulating dosing regimens, and evaluating the safety and efficacy of the drug.

    Investigating the potential of Euphorbia helioscopia intervention in gastric cancer with positive lymph node metastasis: insights from molecular dynamics simulation
    Yijun Zheng, Zheyuan Wang, Mancai Wang, Qi Xiao, Hongyang Deng, Jipin Li, Lingyi Zhang, Youcheng Zhang
    2025, 34(7):  644-663.  DOI: 10.5246/jcps.2025.07.048
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    Euphorbia helioscopia, a natural plant recognized for its anti-tumor properties, has been extensively investigated in various cancers. However, its therapeutic potential in gastric cancer with positive lymph node metastasis remains underexplored. This study aimed to elucidate the role of E. helioscopia in treating gastric cancer with lymph node metastasis using an integrative approach that combined network pharmacology, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations. Initially, shared target data between E. helioscopia and gastric cancer with positive lymph node metastasis were identified and systematically analyzed. Subsequently, molecular docking was conducted to validate the interactions between key components and targets. Finally, molecular dynamics simulations were employed, with binding free energy calculations performed using the MM-PBSA algorithm. The findings revealed that the primary bioactive compounds of E. helioscopia in this context included quercetin and luteolin, targeting core molecules such as EGFR and MMP9. Key pathways implicated in its mechanism of action included resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, among others. Molecular docking demonstrated robust binding affinity between the active compounds and critical targets, with molecular dynamics and binding free energy analyses highlighting a particularly stable interaction between luteolin and MMP9. In conclusion, E. helioscopia exhibited a multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway therapeutic profile in treating gastric cancer with positive lymph node metastasis. These findings offered valuable theoretical insights supporting its potential clinical application in oncology.

    Correlation between carbapenem consumption and resistance trends in four major Gram-negative bacilli: A 12-year study in a tertiary hospital (2010–2022)
    Qiwen Zhang, Kefeng Liu, Haiyang Meng, Yongjie Yang, Jian Kang, Min Xu, Xiaojing Lu
    2025, 34(7):  664-673.  DOI: 10.5246/jcps.2025.07.049
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    The rise of antimicrobial resistance, particularly in healthcare-associated infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative pathogens, poses a critical global challenge. The extensive use of carbapenems has exacerbated this issue by increasing selective pressure within bacterial populations. This study aimed to investigate the association between carbapenem consumption and resistance rates in four priority Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli (EC), Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP), Acinetobacter baumannii (AB), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA). Retrospective data were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, covering the period from January 2010 to December 2022. Trends in carbapenem consumption and resistance were analyzed using the Mann-Kendall test to assess statistical significance and the Sen’s slope (SS) estimator to determine the magnitude of change. Correlations between carbapenem use and bacterial resistance rates were evaluated via Spearman correlation analysis. Over the study period, the consumption of meropenem, imipenem, biapenem, and total carbapenems exhibited a significant upward trend (|Z| > 1.96, SS > 0). Correspondingly, the resistance rates of EC and KP to meropenem and imipenem also increased significantly (|Z| > 1.96, SS > 0). A strong positive correlation was observed between the resistance rate of EC to meropenem and the defined daily doses (DDDs) of meropenem (r = 0.732, P < 0.05) and between EC resistance to imipenem and its DDDs (r = 0.49, P < 0.05). Similar significant correlations were identified for KP. However, no significant associations were found between carbapenem resistance in AB or PA and carbapenem consumption. These findings underscored the strong correlation between carbapenem use and the resistance rates of EC and KP, highlighting the urgent need for stringent control and stewardship of carbapenem use in clinical settings to mitigate or delay the development of bacterial drug resistance.

    Assessment of transplant pharmacy services in medical clinics: a national survey
    Hui Yang, Xin Yu, Xiaopeng Hu, Kuifen Ma, Pan Chen, Xiangduan Liu, Qing Qian, Wenjing Hou, Fang Zeng, Guangzhao Wang, Rongrong Wang, Zhuoling An
    2025, 34(7):  674-681.  DOI: 10.5246/jcps.2025.07.050
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    Pharmacy clinics, staffed by clinical pharmacists who interact directly with patients, encompass services such as medication reconciliation, education, follow-up visits, and lifestyle guidance. Their primary goal is to enhance patients’ quality of life. Numerous studies, both domestic and international, have highlighted the benefits of pharmacy clinics in optimizing drug therapy quality and reducing treatment costs, particularly for long-term medication management in organ transplant recipients and similar patient groups. Despite these benefits, pharmacy clinics are still in the early stages of development in China. There remains a lack of clarity regarding the specific development and service content of pharmacy clinics tailored for transplant patients. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the current status of pharmacy clinic development for transplant patients in China and provide insights to hospitals for advancing and strengthening transplant pharmacy clinic initiatives.

    Clinical pharmacy services evaluation across five pediatric respiratory disease cases: A comprehensive study
    Siyi Han, Yanan Wei, Naiyue Shi, Yuhang Wang, Linlin Lai
    2025, 34(7):  682-690.  DOI: 10.5246/jcps.2025.07.051
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    The aim of this study is to investigate how clinical pharmacists can optimize drug use for pediatric patients with respiratory diseases. We extracted etiological, symptomatic, and medication-related information from patient medical records. The rationality of each patient’s medication regimen was evaluated using relevant tools, including DXY, Medication Assistant Software (mobile version), MCDEX Software (mobile version), and literature from databases such as VIP and CNKI. By considering the patients’ age, prescribed medication regimens, and disease characteristics, we identified key aspects and precautions for pharmaceutical care. Pharmacists provided tailored pharmaceutical care and medication education based on each patient’s specific age, treatment plan, and illness profile. Through active involvement in personalized medication management, pharmacists can offer individualized drug services, enhancing both the safety and effectiveness of treatments for pediatric patients.

    News
    The research team of Prof. Xiaodong Guan and the research team from the University of Hong Kong have made progress in multinational drug use study of oncology drugs
    Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center
    2025, 34(7):  691-694. 
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    The research team of Prof. Xiaodong Guan and the research team from the University of Hong Kong have made progress in multinational drug use study of oncology drugs.
    The research team of Prof. Yiguang Wang and Prof. Binlong Chen have developed a targeted delivery strategy for endoplasmic reticulum stress to precisely regulate type-II immunogenic cell death
    State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center
    2025, 34(7):  695-696. 
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    The research team of Prof. Yiguang Wang and Prof. Binlong Chen have developed a targeted delivery strategy for endoplasmic reticulum stress to precisely regulate type-II immunogenic cell death.
    The research team of Prof. Min Ye and their collaborators have made new progress in the research on plant Flavonoid Apiosyltransferases
    State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center
    2025, 34(7):  697-698. 
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    The research team of Prof. Min Ye and their collaborators have made new progress in the research on plant Flavonoid Apiosyltransferases.
    The research team of Haiyan Xie and their collaborators have proposed a new strategy for treating acute kidney injury by NAD+ biosynthesis and mitochondrial repair
    State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center
    2025, 34(7):  699-700. 
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    The research team of Haiyan Xie and their collaborators have proposed a new strategy for treating acute kidney injury by NAD+ biosynthesis and mitochondrial repair.