Table of Content

15 March 1998, Volume 7 Issue 1

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Full Papers

Two New Triterpenoids from the Roots of Caragana in termedia K.

Wen-Han Lin, Hong-Zheng Fu, Li-He Zhang

1998, 7(1):  1-6. 

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From the roots of Caragana intermedia K., two new triterpenoid glucosides, namely caraganoside A and caraganoside B, along with nine known compounds, 3-palmitoyl-β-si-tosterol, ethyl chaulmoograte, chaulmoogric acid, lupeol, daucosterol, hentriacontane, α-palmitoleoyl glycerol,α-palmitoyl-sn-glycerol, and β-sitosterol were isolated. Their structures were elucidated mainly by spectroscopic analysis.

A New Amino Acid Derivative from Red Ginseng

Yi-Nan Zheng, H Okuda, Li-Kun Han, Lan Xiang, Y Matsuura, T Takaku, K Kameda

1998, 7(1):  7-10. 

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Five ninhydrin-positive compounds were isolated from the water extract of red ginseng through the Bio-gel P-2 column chromatography. One compound is known as arginine. Another compound is a new substance which is determined as 1'-Nα-arginine-1'-deoxy-4'-O-(α-D-glucopyranosyl)-D-fructose (AFG) through the analysis of ¹³C NMR, ¹H NMR, IR and UV spectra. Its structure is also verified through the reaction of maltose and arginine. The structures of compounds 3, 4 and 5 are being researched.

Dissolution Studies of Ibuprofen Powders: Effect of Particle Size on Dissolution Rate and Simulation of Dissolution Process of Mixed Binary Systems

Gul Majid Khan, Jia-Bi Zhu

1998, 7(1):  11-17. 

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A series of experiments were performed to investigate the effect of particle size on the dissolution rate of ibuprofen (IBF) powders. Dissolution studies were conducted under nonsink conditions and dissolution rates of six sieved particle size fractions (<65, 65~74, 74~91, 91~125, 125~150, and 150~200 μm) were compared. Dissolution rates of the fractions with particle size >74 μm increased with reduction of particle size. On the other hand, fractions enclosing particles with a size <74 μm demonstrated different profiles and slower initial rates of dissolution. This could be due to the development of electrostatic charge on the particles during micronization. Dissolution measurements of binary systems mixed at various ratios of the sieved samples were also carried out. Simulation of the dissolution process of the mixed binary systems was performed using the dissolution values of the sieved fractions. The simulated dissolution curves coincided well with those measured over almost the whole dissolution process. The evaluation of the dissolution behavior of the mixed binary systems and their simulation appears to be useful in the estimation and prediction of dissolution rates of multiparticulate powder systems.

Effect of Complement Activation on Platelet Aggregation

Zhong-Ren Ding, Shou-Jian Huang, Jia-Jun Sun

1998, 7(1):  18-24. 

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Objective: To observe that cobra venom factor (CVF) isolated from the venom of Naja naja atra induces platelet aggregation in platelet rich plasma (PRP) and gel-filtered platelet suspension (GFP). Methods: In vitro platelet aggregation in PRP and GFP was quantified turbidimetrically with computer-controlled aggregometer. Results: CVF 195 nmol·L^-1 induced a slow aggregation following an obvious metamorphosis of platelets in rat PRP but not in GFP and in other species. CVF-induced rat platelet aggregation depended on extracellular Ca²⁺ and complements, and was not affected by indomethacin 100 mmol·L^-1. Ni²⁺ 3 mmol·L^-1 attenuated the maximal velocity of aggregation (S) without influence on the maximal extent of aggregation (A) of CVF-induced rat platelet aggregation while tetrodotoxin 40 mmol·L^-1 attenuated A without influence on S. Conclusion: CVF, a complement activator, elicits slow rat platelet aggregation following an obvious metamorphosis, which depends on Ca²⁺ and Na⁺ influx, complements and is unrelated to thromboxane (TXA2) pathway.

Inhibitory Actions of Berbamine on Delayed-type Hypersensitivity in Mice

Xin Lin, Chong-Nian Luo, Pu Feng, Shu-Xiang Liu, Li-Wei Wang, Shu-Sheng Xie, Pei-Gen Xiao

1998, 7(1):  25-28. 

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The action of berbamine on murine delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction induced by sheep red blood cells (SRBC), 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene, and allotypic splenocytes was studied. The results show that berbamine can inhibit the DTH reaction significantly. It is concluded that berbamine may inhibit cell mediated immunity in mice.

Tumor Necrosis Factor Production in Mouse Macrophages and its Pharmacological Modulation by Ganoderma lucidum

Yong-Feng Jia, Hong Li, Masao Mori, Luo-Xiu Zhang

1998, 7(1):  29-32. 

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Effects of Ganoderma lucidum (GL) on the cytotoxic activity of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) or its production were examined using murine fibroblast cell line (L929 cells). It was found that GL 1~100 μg/mL had no direct influence on the growth of L929 cells, and GL showed less synergistic activity on the cytotoxicity of rTNF. However, GL 0.01~10 μg/mL promoted TNF production by macrophages in vitro. Preincubated with GL for 8 h before LPS, macrophages produced higher TNF activity in vitro. Besides, GL 100~300 mg/kg po qd×14 enhanced the level of TNF in the serum of mice primed by BCG and induced by endotoxin.

Effects of Berberine on TXB₂ and 6-Keto-PGF_1α Plasma Levels in Rabbits with Uncomplete Cerebral Ischemia

Jun-Fang Wu^*, Tian-Pei Liu

1998, 7(1):  33-37. 

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Effects of berberine (Ber) on platelet aggregation and TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1a plasma levels were studied in rabbits with uncomplete cerebral ischemia. Ber inhibited uncomplete cerebral ischemic rabbit platelet aggregation triggered by collagen, ADP, and arachidonic acid (AA) with the IC50 of 0.15, 0.46, and 0.51 mg·ml^-1, respectively. In rabbits, Ber 25, or 50 mg·kg^-1 iv 30 min after uncomplete cerebral ischemia, restrained the collagen ADP- and AA- induced platelet aggregation determined 90 min later. With radioimmunoassay, we measured the thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and 6-ketoprostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α) contents in rabbit plasma. The results indicated that the TXB2 level in rabbit 120 min after uncomplete cerebral ischemia (921±539 pg·mL^-1) was higher than that (230±71 pg·mL^-1) in normal rabbits (P <0.01), but 6-keto-PGF1α level after ischemia (73±23 pg·ml^-1) was lower than that (262±988 pg·ml^-1) in normal rabbit. Ber (5, 25 or 50 mg·kg^-1) reduced obviously the plasma TXB2 level in rabbit with uncomplete cerebral ischemia (504±196, 386±174, or 272±183 vs 921±539 pg·ml^-1, respectively, P<0.01). We conclude that the decrease of TXB2 content is one of the possible mechanisms of Ber anti-cerebral ischemic effect

Study on Metabolism of Dobutamine by Human Mononu- clear Cell Catechol-O-Methyltransferase

Mao-He Yan, Anita Pettigrew, Carolyn Myers, Jeffrey L. Blumer

1998, 7(1):  38-42. 

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The optimal conditions for a HPLC-EC method for measuring human mononu-clear cell catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) activity with dobutamine as substrate are reported. The major metabolite of dobutamine by COMT is 3-O-methyldobutamine (3-O-MD). COMT reaction should be conducted in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer. In order to saturate COMT, the concentrations of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM; a methyldonor) and dobutamine should be more than 200 μmol·L^-1 and 0.5 mmol·L^-1 respectively. The apparent Michaelis constants for S-adenosyl-L-methionine and dobutamine are 0.05 μmol·L^-1 and 50 μmol·L^-1 respectively. The COMT activity increases linearly with increase of incubation time up to 1 h and with increase of protein concentrations ranged from 1.7 to 6 mg·ml^-1 respectively. The optimal concentration of magnesium chloride is ten times higher than that previously reported. The betweenday relative standard deviation for 3-O-methyl dobutamine is 9.7% and that of within-day is 8.9%. This method is ideally adapted to clinical studies.

Purification and Bioassay of Mouse β NGF Antibody

Xiao-Jun Liu, Wu-Tong Wu, Xiang-Dong Gao

1998, 7(1):  43-48. 

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Anti-β NGF antiserum was prepared by immunizing rabbits with purified mouse β NGF. It presented immunopositivity to β NGF on Western blot, resulting in a single band approximately at the molecular weight of 14 kDa. The antiserum was further purified into anti-β NGF IgG by affinity chromatography. Chicken embryonic dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were cultured to test the biological activities of β NGF and its antibody.

Communications

A Novel Lignan Glucoside from Forsythia suspensa Vahl

Dong-Lei Liu, Sui-Xu Xu^*, Wei-Fang Wang

1998, 7(1):  49-51. 

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Studies on Chemical Constituents of Dendrobium chryseum

Guo-Xiang Ma, Tian-Shan Wang^*, Li Yin, Yang Pan, Guo-Jun Xu, Luo-Shan Xu

1998, 7(1):  52-54. 

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Chemical Constituents of Peucedanum mashanense

Ping Huang, Masatoshi Nishi, Wei-Heng Jiang, Mao-Xiang Lai, Xue-Zhong Zheng, Tsutomu Nakanishi

1998, 7(1):  55-57. 

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Other

Instructions To Authors

Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences

1998, 7(1):  58-58. 

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