Enhanced antitumor efficacy of fresh pig spleen extracts (PAT) encapsulated with cytidinyl and cationic lipid nanocomplexes

doi:10.5246/jcps.2025.01.002

Abstract

Abstract:

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been utilized in China for thousands of years to treat and prevent various diseases, with recent research highlighting microRNAs (miRNAs) in herbal decoctions as key bioactive components. The oral lyophilized powder of the pig spleen extracts (PAT) composed of oligonucleotides and peptides extracted from fresh pig spleen and delivered via a lipid mixture containing neutral cytidinyl lipid DNCA and cationic lipid CLD (Mix), has demonstrated significant antitumor effects against A549 and BCPAP cells, promoting early and late apoptosis by approximately 20% in A549 cells. Intratumoral administration of PAT/Mix in A549-bearing mice significantly reduced both tumor volume and weight. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses suggested that PAT/Mix exerted its antitumor activity by silencing DEPDC1 mRNA in A549 cells, thereby influencing cellular processes and metabolic pathways. Additionally, PAT/Mix was found to promote the maturation of bone marrow dendritic cells (BMDCs), enhancing antigen processing and presentation. These findings indicated that PAT/Mix held promise as a therapeutic agent with both immunomodulatory and antitumor properties, owing not only to its peptide components but also to miRNAs, which played a critical therapeutic role.

Key words: Extract of pig spleen, miRNA, DNCA, CLD, Anti-tumor efficacy

Supporting: /attached/file/20250222/20250222155959_910.pdf

Xiaotong Yu, Jing Wu, Qi Zhang, Jiamei Hong, Jing Yu, Zhu Guan, Yanhui Yin, Zhenjun Yang. Enhanced antitumor efficacy of fresh pig spleen extracts (PAT) encapsulated with cytidinyl and cationic lipid nanocomplexes[J]. Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2025, 34(1): 14-27.

Figures/Tables 10

Table 1. Primers of several mRNAs used in this study.

Table 2. Sequences of siRNA used in this study.

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