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Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences ›› 2016, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (9): 633-650.DOI: 10.5246/jcps.2016.09.071

• Cancer prevention by traditional Chinese medicine and plant phytochemicals column •     Next Articles

Prostate cancer and chemoprevention by natural dietary phytochemicals

Asia Abed Al-Mahmood1,2, Limin Shu3, Hyuck Kim3, Christina Ramirez2,4, Douglas Pung2, Yue Guo1,2, Wenji Li3, Ah-Ng Tony Kong2,3*   

  1. 1. Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
    2. Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
    3. Center for Cancer Prevention Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
    4. Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA  
  • Received:2016-03-23 Revised:2016-04-10 Online:2016-09-28 Published:2016-04-30
  • Contact: Tel.: +1-884-445-6369/8, Fax: +1-732-445-3134, E-mail: kongt@pharmacy.rutgers.edu
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported in part by Institutional Funds and from the National Cancer Institute (Grant No. R01-CA118947, R01-CA152826), the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicines and the Office of Dietary Supplements (Grant No. R01AT007065).

Abstract: Prostate cancer is the second leading cancer among men in the United States. Several studies have correlated the development of prostate cancer with diet and life-style. Therefore, a balanced diet and improved life style might inhibit prostate cancer progression. Cancer chemoprevention has emerged as an important factor in controlling cancer development through natural or synthetic compounds. Oxidative stress is among the factors contributing to prostate cancer development. The transcription factor nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) controls detoxifying antioxidant enzymes expression by binding to the antioxidant response element (ARE) in the promoter of these genes to activate their expression. Many natural products can fight oxidative stress and protects cells from DNA damage by activating the Nrf2/ARE pathway. High consumption of fruits and vegetables can reduce disease incidence and invasive tumors.  In this review, the roles of important fruit and vegetable phytochemicals in regulating prostate cancer progression and tumor growth are discussed.  

Key words: Prostate cancer, Phytochemicals, Chemoprevention, Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2, Oxidative stress, Antioxidant response element

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