Abstract:

The aim of this study is to analyze factors influencing the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) within 28 d after birth in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants with a gestational age of less than 34 weeks who were receiving early parenteral nutrition. Data were retrospectively collected from infants born between January and December 2021, who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit within 24 h of birth, had a gestational age of less than 34 weeks, and were classified as VLBW. The study included 14 cases without BPD and 20 cases with BPD, and it compared clinical data during hospitalization between these two groups. On the 1st day of life, the BPD group had a nitrogen-to-calorie ratio of 105.44 ± 26.67, while the non-BPD group had a ratio of 146.81 ± 37.04. This difference was statistically significant, with a P-value of 0.04, indicating a potential association between the nitrogen-to-calorie ratio and the development of BPD. However, no significant differences were observed in other clinical indicators between the two groups. These findings suggested that a larger sample size was needed to further explore and confirm the correlation between the nitrogen-to-calorie ratio and the risk of developing BPD in this population.

Key words: Very-low-birth-weight infants, Parenteral nutrition, Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, Nitrogen-to-calorie ratio, Fluid intake, Lipid emulsion