Abstract:

The aim of this study is to evaluate the characteristics and patterns of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with antineoplastic drugs and provide insights for safer chemotherapy practices. Based on 979 ADR cases reported in our hospital from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2023, an analysis was conducted. Statistical analysis of the data revealed that 72.73% of these ADR incidents occurred in a hospital setting. The incidence of ADRs was higher in female patients compared to males, with the majority of cases (59.14%) observed in individuals aged 51–70 years. Intravenous administration was the predominant route linked to ADRs, accounting for 69.66% of the cases. Serious ADRs represented 9.30% of the total, including one instance where symptoms did not improve despite drug discontinuation or treatment. Cytotoxic antineoplastic drugs were responsible for 97.85% of all ADRs, with oxaliplatin being the most frequently implicated agent (19.82%). Gastrointestinal system involvement was the most common ADR manifestation, observed in 60.79% of cases. These findings underscored the necessity of enhanced monitoring for ADRs associated with cytotoxic antineoplastic drugs, particularly platinum-based agents. Comprehensive risk assessments and tailored treatment plans should be implemented during chemotherapy to minimize the occurrence of ADRs and safeguard patient safety.

Key words: Anti-tumor drugs, Adverse effects, Drug safety